Libriufo

Journal of Scientific Exploration
A Publication of the Society for Scientific Exploration
Volume 1 Number 1 1987
Society for Scientific Exploration

Editor: Ronald A. HOWARD

Name: Sturrock, Peter A. (1924 - 2024)

CONTENTS

Author	Title	Pag

Ronald A. HOWARD	Editorial	i

Peter A. STURROCK	A Brief History of the Society for Scientific Exploration	1-2

David F. HALL, Susan J. McFEATERS, Elisabeth F. LOFTUS	Alterations in Recollection of Unusual and Unexpected Events	3-10

Richard G. FOWLER	Toward a Quantitative Theory of Intellectual Discovery (Especially in Physics)	11-20
	Abstract: By the study of time intervals in a subjective yet consistently chosen temporally ordered list of the critical ideas which comprise Physics, a quantitative theory of the growth of these ideas is inferred which takes the entirely plausible form that the rate of growth of ideas is proportional to the totality of known ideas multiplied by the totality of people in the world. There is some slight titillating indication in the data that the rate of fundamental discovery in Physics has been decreasing abnormally over the past 50 years.

R. G. JAHN, B. J. DUNNE, R. D. NELSON	Engineering Anomalies Research	21-50
	Abstract: Anomalous consciousness-related phenomena of possible relevance to basic physical science and modern engineering practice are addressed experimentally and theoretically in an effort to identify those devices, systems, and processes most likely to display operator-related anomalies in their performance, and to illuminate the characteristics of such aberrations. Three interrelated sectors of effort are pursued: the design, implementation, operation, and interpretation of experiments in low-level psychokinesis; the development of analytical methodologies for quantitative assessment of precognitive remote perception data; and the development of theoretical models useful for correlation of the experimental data, design of better experiments, and explication of the phenomena on fundamental grounds. The primary effect observed in the psychokinesis experiments is a marginal but replicable shift of the mean of output count distributions with respect to empirical baselines or theoretical expectations, with no discernible alterations in any higher moments. Over large data bases, these mean shifts can compound with considerable statistical regularity to high levels of significance, depending on the particular operator, the direction of effort, and other prevailing experimental conditions. In many cases, individual operator "signatures" of achievement are found to transfer across various experimental devices, including some driven by deterministic pseudo-random sources. Quantitative analysis of a large data base of remote perception experiments reveals similar departures from chance expectation of the degree of target information acquired by anomalous means. Digital scoring techniques based on a spectrum of 30 binary descriptors, applied to all targets and perceptions in the experimental pool, consistently indicate acquisition of substantial topical and impressionistic information about remote geographical locations inaccessible by known sensory channels. The degree of such anomalous information acquisition appears independent of the spatial separation of the percipient from the target, up to global distances, and also independent of the temporal separation of the perception effort from the time of target specification by the agent, up to periods of precognition or retrocognition of several days. In an attempt to illuminate these empirical results, a theoretical model has been proposed that invokes quantum mechanical metaphors to describe the interaction of consciousness with its environment. By representing consciousness by quantum mechanical wave functions and its physical environment by appropriate potential energy profiles, Schrodinger wave mechanics may be used to define eigenfunctions and eigenvalues indicative of psychological and physical experience, both normal and anomalous, in a form applicable to the experimental designs. The experimental results in hand, along with the generic predictions of the theoretical model, suggest numerous short and longer term practical applications of the phenomena, and raise basic issues about the role of consciousness in the establishment of reality.

Henry H. BAUER	Society and Scientific Anomalies: Common Knowledge About the Loch Ness Monster	51-74
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 1 Number 2 June/1988 - Comments on Bauer's "Loch Ness Monster," Volume 1, Number 1, 1987 [Westman, James]

P. A. STURROCK	An Analysis of the Condon Report on the Colorado UFO Project	75-100
	Abstract: The "Condon Report," presenting the findings of the Colorado Project on a scientific study of unidentified flying objects, has been and remains the most influential public document concerning the scientific status of this problem. Hence, all current scientific work on the UFO problem must make reference to the Condon Report. For this reason, it remains important to understand the contents of this report, the work on which the report is based, and the relationship of the "Summary of the Study" and "Conclusions and Recommendations" to the body of the report. The present analysis of this report contains an overview, an analysis of evidence by categories, and a discussion of scientific methodology. The overview shows that most case studies were conducted by junior stac the senior staff took little part, and the director took no part, in these investigations. The analysis of evidence by categories shows that there are substantial and significant differences between the findings of the project staff and those that the director attributes to the project. Although both the director and the staff are cautious in stating conclusions, the staff tend to emphasize challenging cases and unanswered questions, whereas the director emphasizes the difficulty of further study and the probability that there is no scientific knowledge to be gained. Concerning methodology, it appears that the project was unable to identify current challenging cases that warranted truly exhaustive investigation. Nor did the project develop a uniform and systematic procedure for cataloging the large number of older cases with which they were provided. In drawing conclusions from the study of such a problem, the nature and scope of which are fraught with so much uncertainty, it would have been prudent to avoid theory-dependent arguments.

Journal of Scientific Exploration

Volume 7 Number 3 1993

Name: Sturrock, Peter A. (1924 - 2024)

CONTENTS

Author	Title	Pag

	`Research and Review Articles`
Michael SCHROTER-KUNHARDT	A Review of Near Death Experiences	219-239
	Abstract: Near death experiences (NDEs) have been reported throughout time in essentially all cultures. The contents of modem NDEs is independent of gender, age, and profession. The frequency of occurrence is estimated to lie between 10 and 50 percent of all near-death situations. This frequency could be higher still, perhaps even 100 percent, were it not for the dreamlike and dissociative character of the experience and the amnesia-prone participation of the temporal lobe causing a clear tendency to forget the NDE. A number of similar elements are common to NDEs, such as an out-of-body experience (OBE) in which the physical body and its surroundings are observed from various external vantage points, often from above. Numerous cases exist in which the reality of the OBE-observation can be independently 'verified, by external conditions, situations, people, objects, etc. Even previously non-religious ND experiencers subsequently show a markedly decreased fear of death and a corresponding increase in belief in life after death. Certain elements of NDE-like experiences can be induced by, for example, electrical stimulation of the right temporal lobe or the use of hallucinogenic substances. It is possible that hallucinogenic transmitters (and endorphins) of the brain itself play a role in the NDE. Nevertheless, there are NDE-elements, such as the frequently reported life-review and certainly the acquisition of external, verifiable information concerning the physical surroundings during the experience, that cannot be explained by physiological causes. Wish-fulfillment, death-denial or other defense mechanisms of the brain are also not adequate explanations. The large body of NDE data now accumulated point to genuine evidence for a non-physical reality and paranormal capacities of the human being.
Bruce MACCABEE	Analysis and Discussion of the May 18, 1992 UFO Sighting in Gulf Breeze, Florida	241-257
	Abstract: A professional TV crew traveled to Gulf Breeze, Florida on two occasions in the spring of 1992 at a time when sightings were occurring on a weekly basis. On each occasion anomalous lights were observed and videotaped passing through the Gulf Breeze skies. This paper reports briefly on the first sighting and concentrates on the analysis of the second sighting when the TV crew used a special "high power" camera. During the second sighting the lights were observed from two locations allowing for triangulation and a subsequent estimate of the spacing between them (about 10 ft). They were moving in an early rectilinear path at a speed exceeding 20 mph before they faded out. A discussion of the hoax hypothesis involving pyrotechnic devices and incandescent light sources is presented. It is shown that the sightings, if not of "real" UFOs, constitute a hoax of considerable ingenuity, expense and persistence. This sighting was just one of about 170 which have occurred in the Gulf Breeze area during 1990-1992.
York H. DOBYNS	Selection Versus Influence in Remote REG Anomalies	259-269
	Abstract: A large body of remote human-machine interaction data has been collected in a protocol structurally similar to that used for experiments in remote perception, with somewhat comparable anomalous results. This suggests that the effects seen in the former could be attributable to a selection or sorting process on a reservoir of unperturbed data, rather than to any remote influence on the machine behavior per se. Fortunately, the statistical consequences of these two modalities are clearly distinguishable within the available empirical data. When properly evaluated by Bayesian hypothesis-comparison methods, the experimental results overwhelmingly favor the direct influence hypothesis over any selection mechanism.
J. W. NIENHUYS	Dutch Investigations of the Gauquelin Mars Effect	271-281
	Abstract: A team of Dutch skeptics have investigated a new explanation for the Mars effect with sports champions of Michel Gauquelin. They conjectured that outstanding sports people might have diurnal and seasonal birth rhythms different from average people and that moreover the short time base of Gauquelin's observations might further enhance these effects. Essentially their findings were negative. Simulations were either not possible because of lack of data or they showed that along these lines an explanation is only possible if very implausible additional assumptions are made. However, it is argued that the Gauquelin data suffer from a bias, namely some artifact of the exploratory phase. The eminence effect of Ertel is shown to be too weak to draw firm conclusions about its existence. It seems plausible that the Gauquelins did not realize that said artifact had to be tightly controlled for

Suitbert ERTEL	Comments on Dutch Investigations of the Gauquelin Mars Effect	283-292
	Abstract: -The first of two Dutch skeptics' attempts at disproving the Mars effect failed (Nienhuys 1993a). Contrary to the Nienhuys view, however, the second pass of the Dutch critics at the Gauquelin claim- an attempt at undermining the validity of his data base- is shown to fail as well. The critics drew apparent support from my previous unearthing of a Gauquelin biasGauquelin had exempted cases from publication (Ertel, 1988). Yet they neglected the fact that any such bias had been neutralized as a result of my pooling of published and unpublished data. Specifically, a significant eminence trend was demonstrated in the unmanufactured total sample in my 1988 report. In addition, Dutch endeavours at rendering the eminence relationship insignificant either failed (even a less sensitive scale with 12 instead of 36 sector division yielded significance) or were illegitimate (splitting up of the entire sample for that purpose violates methodological logic). Thus, the present (fourth) attempt in the history of resistance against the Gauquelin challenge by organized skeptics has added two misses to their record.

	`Invited Essay`
William A. TILLER	What Are Subtle Energies?	293-304
	Abstract: A brief discussion is given of a set of anomalous experimental phenomena that are inexplicable based only on the four accepted forces operating in the physical universe. Possible explanations require defining the existence of subtle energies. Using a quantum mechanical description, the seat of subtle energy functioning is traced to the vacuum state with magnetic vector potential assuming the role of bridge between the subtle energies and physical energies. A brief discussion is given of how we might reliably detect subtle energies and a zeroth order model of the subtle domains as substructure for the vacuum state is given.

	`Columns`
Topher COOPER	Anomalous Propagation	305-310
Michael EPSTEIN	The Skeptical Perspective	311-315
j. DOMMANGET	Guest Column: The Comite PARA-European Skeptics Committee	317-321

	`Letters to the Editor`
	Ukraine Research Institute on Anomalous Phenomena	323-325
	Comments on Guide to UFO Research	325-326
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 7 Number 1 Spring/1993 - A Guide to UFO Research [Swords, Michael D.]

	`Book Reviews`
Ian STEVENSON	Beyond Natural Selection by Robert Wesson	327-328
Peter A. STURROCK	First Review of Forbidden Science	328-330
	Review: Jacques VALLÉE,FORBIDDEN SCIENCE - 1992
Keith THOMPSON	Second Review of Forbidden Science	330-333
	Review: Jacques VALLÉE,FORBIDDEN SCIENCE - 1992
Hilary EVANS	Roads to Center Place: A Cultural Atlas of Chaco Canyon and the Anasazi by Kathryn Gabriel	333-335

	`SSE News Items`
	Preliminary Announcement of 1994 SSE Meetings	336
	Abstracts of 1993 SSE Meeting	336

Journal of Scientific Exploration
A Publication of the Society for Scientific Exploration
Volume 8 Number 1 Spring 1994
Society for Scientific Exploration

Name: Sturrock, Peter A. (1924 - 2024)

CONTENTS

Author	Title	Pag

Peter A. STURROCK	Report on a Survey of the Membership of the American Astronomical Society Concerning the UFO Problem: Part 1	1-45
	Serie: Volume 8 Number 1 Spring/1994 Report on a Survey of the Membership of the American Astronomical Society Concerning the UFO Problem: Part 1 Volume 8 Number 2 /1994 Report on a Survey of the Membership of the American Astronomical Society Concerning the UFO Problem: Part 2 Volume 8 Number 3 /1994 Report on a Survey of the Membership of the American Astronomical Society Concerning the UFO Problem: Part 3
	Abstract: `Refereed journals, to which scientists turn for their reliable information, carry virtually no information on the UFO problem. Does this imply that scientists have no views and no thoughts on the subject, or that all scientists consider it insignificant? Does it imply that scientists have no reports to submit comparable with UFO reports published in newspapers and popular books? The purpose of this 1977 survey of American astronomers was to answer these questions.`

Jacques F. VALLÉE	Anatomy of a Hoax: The Philadelphia Experiment Fifty Years Later	47-71
	Abstract: The "Philadelphia Experiment" concerns the allegedly paranormal disappearance of a Navy destroyer from the docks of the Philadelphia Navy Yard in the late Summer of 1943, followed by disclosures of official contact with extraterrestrial powers. Claims made by purported witnesses of this supposedly secret Navy test directed by Albert Einstein have been repeatedly found to be fraudulent. The author has now interviewed a man who served on a companion ship to the destroyer in question, and who was on the scene the night of its supposed disappearance, which he is able to explain in minute detail. Yet the features of the story are such that it survives in the UFO literature and that it is now being revived under a novel form for the benefit of a new generation of readers. Using this incident as a model of a successful hoax, the present article extracts thirteen parameters that have been instrumental in its remarkable survival over the last fifty years; it compares the features of this fabrication to other questionable episodes of UFO lore; finally, it attempts to draw up a list of suitable measures for their detection, challenge and ultimate exposure.

Larry DOSSEY	Healing and the Mind: Is There a Dark Side?	73-90
	Abstract: Although intra- and interpersonal intluences have long been acknowledged in medical science to affect an individual's health both positively and negatively, the impact of non-local, transpersonal influences are generally denied in contemporary medical science. The present paper examines anecdotal, ethnographic, anthropological, clinical, and experimental evidence suggesting that non-local, transpersonal influences may exist, and that these may exert a negative and even fatal impact on human health. The possible relationship of these negative influences to scientific findings in other anomalous areas, such as the studies in humanlmachine interaction at the Princeton Engineering Anomalies Research (PEAR) Laboratory, are discussed. The author concludes that the evidence favoring the existence of non-local, negative, transpersonal influences is considerable, and that the implications for medical research and clinical practice are profound.


Vicente-Juan BALLESTER OLMOS	Alleged Experiences Inside UFOs: An Analysis of Abduction Reports	91-105
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 8 Number 2 /1994 - Comments on "Alleged Experiences Inside UFOs" Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 8 Number 3 /1994 - Response to Ballester-Olmos Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 8 Number 3 /1994 - Response to Ballester-Olmos
	Abstract: Six well-documented UFO abductions reported in Spain are reviewed. Investigation reveals them to be the result of hoax, delusion or psychosis. On a global scale, the annual distribution of abductions plotted according to year of report shows clusters associated with media-related triggers. Abduction narratives seem to proceed from internal sources, representing non-physical experiences of psychological origin inspired by publicized material, plus a significant number of hoaxes. A danger exists that the abduction syndrome may get out of hand.
David M. JACOBS	Response to Juan Ballester Olmos	107-109

Russell TARG	What I See When I Close My Eyes	111-118
	Abstract: After two decades of parapsychological research, my purpose in writing this essay is to encourage researchers who are interested in understanding psychic phenomena to look for ways to have ESP experiences themselves. In no other field do experienced and thoughtful researchers set up observational experiments, and then ask inexperienced or randomly chosen passersby to look through the microscope and report what they see. I will describe here some of the things that I have seen. I am a good visualizer. When I close my eyes I usually see reasonably sharp and clear pictures. The bad news is that the images that I see with my eyes open are not much sharper or clearer, although they are much more stable. I would like to share my thoughts about psi perceptions, from the point of view of a legally blind researcher. What that means in my case is that my corrected visual resolution is ten percent of that of a person with normal vision.

Topher COOPER	Anomalous Propagation	119-123

Michael EPSTEIN	The Skeptical Perspective	125-128

Peter A. STURROCK	Guest Column: Activity Since the American Astronomical Society UFO Survey	129-134

	`Letters to the Editor`
	Comments on "A Review of Near-Death Experiences"	135
	Comments on Ball Lightning	135-137
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 6 Number 3 Autumn/1992 - Ball Lightning Penetration into Closed Rooms: 43 Eyewitness Accounts [Grigor'ev, A. I.; Grigor'eva, I. D.; Shiryaeva, S. O.]

	`Book Reviews`
Henry H. BAUER	Big Foot Prints: A Scientific Inquiry into the Reality of Sasquatch by Grover S. Krantz	139-141
	Review: Grover S. KRANTZ,BIG FOOT-PRINTS - 1992
Henry H. BAUER	Striking the Mother Lode in Science: The Importance of Age, Place, and Time by Paula E. Stephan and Sharon G. Levin	141-143
Ian STEVENSON	Cellular Aspects of Pattern Formation: The Problem of Assembly by G. W. Grimes and K. J. Aufderheide	144-145
James WILSON	The Mask of Nostradamus: The Prophecies of the World's Most Famous Seer by James Randi	145-146
	Review: James RANDI,THE MASK OF NOSTRADAMUS - 1993

	`SSE News Items`
	Major Physics Article Published By SSE Members	147
	SSE Member Alexander Receives National Recognition for New Technologies	147-148
	A New Director Position for SSE Councilor Radin	148
	Thirteenth Annual Meeting of the Society for Scientific Exploration	149-150
	Second Euro-SSE Meeting of the Society for Scientific Exploration August 24 - 26,1994	151-152

Journal of Scientific Exploration

Volume 8 Number 2 1994

Name: Sturrock, Peter A. (1924 - 2024)

CONTENTS

Author	Title	Pag

Peter A. STURROCK	Report on a Survey of the Membership of the American Astronomical Society Concerning the UFO Problem: Part 2	153-195
	Serie: Volume 8 Number 1 Spring/1994 Report on a Survey of the Membership of the American Astronomical Society Concerning the UFO Problem: Part 1 Volume 8 Number 2 /1994 Report on a Survey of the Membership of the American Astronomical Society Concerning the UFO Problem: Part 2 Volume 8 Number 3 /1994 Report on a Survey of the Membership of the American Astronomical Society Concerning the UFO Problem: Part 3
	Abstract: `Refereed journals, to which scientists turn for their reliable information, carry virtually no information on the UFO problem. Does this imply that scientists have no views and no thoughts on the subject, or that all scientists consider it insignificant? Does it imply that scientists have no reports to submit comparable with UFO reports published in newspapers and popular books? The purpose of this survey was to answer these questions.`

Brenda J. DUNNE, York H. DOBYNS, Robert G. JAHN, Roger D. NELSON	Series Position Effects In Random Event Generator Experiments with Appendix by Angela Thompson	197-215
	Abstract: Effect sizes achieved by human operators in random event generator anomalies experiments show correlations with the ordinal positions of the experimental series in both the collective and individual databases. Specifically, there are statistically significant tendencies for operators to produce better scores over their first series, then to fall off in performance in their second and third series, and then to recover to some intermediate levels during their fourth, fifth, and subsequent series. Such correlations appear in both local and remote experiments, and are also indicated over a sequence of different experimental protocols, but no similar effects are found in baseline or calibration data. These serial position patterns thus appear to be primarily psychological in origin, and may subsume the rudimentary "decline," "primacy," "recency," and "terminal" effects propounded in the parapsychological and psychological literature. The results also emphasize the importance of very large individual databases in determining the asymptotic effect sizes in any given experiment of this type


K. Volkamer et al.	Experimental Re-Examination of the Law of Conservation of Mass in Chemical Reactions	217-250
	Abstract: At the beginning of the century the law of conservation of mass in chemical reactions was checked experimentally by Landolt and various other experimenters. Even though in 8 of the 10 chemical reactions studied by Landolt the validity of conservation of mass was confirmed within the margin of experimental errors, in 2 reactions the pre vs. post comparison of the determined weights indicated mass differences that exceeded the experimental error by up to a factor of 6, indicating apparent violations of the law of conservation of mass. However by averaging between such results and subjective assessments Landolt discarded these deviations. We report on careful and systematic repetitions of one of Landolt's chemical experiments. Using modern sensitive and, in one case, automatic weighing techniques, the results obtained reveal time-dependent and long-range gravitational irregularities which are many orders of magnitude larger than expected relativistic mass effects, indicating an apparent violation of the law of conservation of mass in this special chemical reaction. Similar effects could be found in biological and purely physical systems, as well as synergistic effects between these systems. The observed spontaneous mass fluctuations suggest the existence of a form of cold, dark matter which is detected in the described systems.
Michael EPSTEIN, Joe HIMES	Response to Volkamer et al.	251-253

William H. JEFFERYS	Erratum: Bayesian Analysis of Random Event Generator Data	255-256
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 4 Number 2 /1990 - Bayesian Analysis of Random Event Generator Data [Jefferys, William H.]

	`Invited Essay`
Ervin LASZLO	The 'Genius Hypothesis': Exploratory Concepts for a Scientific Understanding of Unusual Creativity	257-267
	Abstract: Unusual acts of artistic and scientific creativity - associated in the popular mind with the concept of "genius" - do not have a satisfactory explanation in terms of the cerebral or mental processes of individuals. The 'genius hypothesis' suggests that such acts of creativity involve an interaction between the mind of the creative individual and other minds, bent on similar creative endeavors. The interaction envisaged in the hypothesis relies on the spontaneous transmission of the crucial Einfall that catalyzes the creative acts. Following the presentation of pertinent evidence culled from the fields of cultural development, scientific discovery and artistic production, the mechanism of transference is illustrated with the analogy of networked computers. It is also shown to shed light on what Jung called 'archetypal experience.' The phenomenon of instantaneous spatiotemporal connectivity is not limited to human brain-minds but has counterparts in quantum physics and evolutionary biology. Its explanation poses one of the greatest challenges to the contemporary natural sciences

Topher COOPER	Anomalous Propagation	269-273

Michael EPSTEIN	The Skeptical Perspective	275-277

Bruno W. AUGENSTEIN	Guest Column: Conceiving Nature-Discovering Reality	279-282

	`Letters to the Editor`
	Comments on "Alleged Experiences Inside UFOs"	283-284
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 8 Number 1 Spring/1994 - Alleged Experiences Inside UFOs: An Analysis of Abduction Reports [Ballester Olmos, Vicente-Juan]
	Comments on "A Review of Near-Death Experience"	284

Journal of Scientific Exploration

Volume 8 Number 3 1994

Name: Sturrock, Peter A. (1924 - 2024)

CONTENTS

Author	Title	Pag

Bernhard HAISCH	Editorial	307-308

Peter A. STURROCK	Report on a Survey of the Membership of the American Astronomical Society Concerning the UFO Problem: Part 3	309-346
	Serie: Volume 8 Number 1 Spring/1994 Report on a Survey of the Membership of the American Astronomical Society Concerning the UFO Problem: Part 1 Volume 8 Number 2 /1994 Report on a Survey of the Membership of the American Astronomical Society Concerning the UFO Problem: Part 2 Volume 8 Number 3 /1994 Report on a Survey of the Membership of the American Astronomical Society Concerning the UFO Problem: Part 3
	Abstract: `Refereed journals, to which scientists turn for their reliable information, carry virtually no information on the UFO problem. Does this imply that scientists have no views and no thoughts on the subject, or that all scientists consider it insignificant? Does it imply that scientists have no reports to submit comparable with UFO reports published in newspapers and popular books? The purpose of this survey was to answer these questions.`

Bruce MACCABEE	Strong Magnetic Field Detected Following a Sighting of an Unidentified Flying Object	347-365
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 9 Number 2 /1995 - Comments on Magnetic Field Detection Associated with a UFO
	Abstract: Following the brief sighting of an unidentified flying object in Gulf Breeze, Florida in September 1992, investigators made an area search using a fluxgate gradient magnetometer and found a strong magnetic field gradient, indicative of a strong source of magnetic field, which appeared to be at or above the tops of some trees near a small pond. Three circles of depressed grass were found in the bottom of the shallow pond. This paper discusses the sighting, the area search, the circles and the field gradient measurements. An estimate of the field strength is presented and compared with magnetic effects associated with other sightings.


Daniel P. WIRTH, Barbara J. MITCHELL	Complementary Healing Therapy for Patients With Type I Diabetes Mellitus	367-377
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 8 Number 4 /1994 - Further Comments on the Unreliability of Home Blood Glucose Monitors
	Abstract: The effect of Noncontact Therapeutic Touch (NCTT) therapy and Intercessory Prayer (IP) on patient determined insulin dosage was examined in an exploratory pilot study which utilized a randomized, double-blind, within subject, crossover design. Sixteen type I diabetes mellitus patients were examined and treated daily by NCTT and IP healers for a duration of two weeks. Each patient underwent two separate sessions-one in the treatment condition and one in the control condition-with the patients crossing over to the opposite condition for the second session. The results indicated that while 11 of the 16 patients (69%) in the treatment group showed a reduction in insulin dose levels as compared to the control group, the difference in insulin dosage did not reach significance. It is suggested that various methodological considerations may have been important contributing factors in the nonsignificant results obtained including: (1) the utilization of insulin dose instead of objectively measured laboratory blood glucose values as the dependent variable, (2) the four foot distance and mirrored glass barrier between healer and patient, (3) the short duration for treatment and control sessions, (4) the experimental instructions advising patients to adjust their caloric intake and expenditure prior to adjusting their insulin dose, and (5) the use of healthy longterm IDDM patients with a stable insulin dose who did not exhibit any diabetic sequelae.
Ian STEVENSON	Response to Wirth et al.	379-380

Erlendur HARALDSSON, Joop M. HOUTKOOPER	Report on an Indian Swami Claiming to Materialize Objects: The Value and Limitations of Field Observations	381-397
	Abstract: In India there are frequent and widely accepted claims of materializations of objects or substances which are usually associated with the activities of religious persons, such as Hindu swamis, and are sometimes reported to occur during religious ceremonies. Such claims, if substantiated, could have a major influence on the development of the studies of anomalous phenomena. This report describes an attempt to investigate the claims concerning a little known swami, Gyatri Swami. The difficulties involved in working in a religious setting are described in order to demonstrate the limitations to which this sort of research is subject. Conclusions are left as much as possible to the reader, because these claims frequently warrant no clearcut verdict. However, in the case of Gyatri Swami we reached a negative conclusion regarding his claims.

	`Columns`
Topher COOPER	Anomalous Propagation	399-402
Michael EPSTEIN	The Skeptical Perspective	403-406

	`Letters to the Editor`
	Response to Ballester-Olmos	407
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 8 Number 1 Spring/1994 - Alleged Experiences Inside UFOs: An Analysis of Abduction Reports [Ballester Olmos, Vicente-Juan]
	Response to Ballester-Olmos	407
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 8 Number 1 Spring/1994 - Alleged Experiences Inside UFOs: An Analysis of Abduction Reports [Ballester Olmos, Vicente-Juan]

	`Book Reviews`
James W. DEARDORFF	Anomalous Experiences & Trauma: Current Theoretical, Research and Clinical Perspectives edited by Rima E. Laibow et al.	409-411
	Review: Rima E. LAIBOW, Robert N. SOLLOD, John P. WILSON,ANOMALOUS EXPERIENCES AND TRAUMA: Current Theoretical, Reserch and Clinical Perspectives - 1992
Hilary EVANS	The Case for Astrology by John Anthony West	411-415
John PALMER	Parapsychology: A Concise History by John Beloff	415-419
Henry H. BAUER	Science Frontiers: Some Anomalies and Curiosities of Nature by William R. Corliss	419-420
	Review: William R. CORLISS,SCIENCE FRONTIERS: Some Anomalies and Curioities of Nature - 1994
Ian STEVENSON	Immortality edited by Paul Edwards	420-422
Angela THOMPSON	The Blue Sense: Psychic Detectives and Crime by Arthur Lyons and Marcello Truzzi -	422-423
Angela THOMPSON	Many Lives, Many Masters & Through Time Into Healing by Brian L. Weiss	423-424

Journal of Scientific Exploration

Volume 8 Number 4 1994

Name: Sturrock, Peter A. (1924 - 2024)

CONTENTS

Author	Title	Pag

	`Research Articles`
Pierre GUÉRIN	A Scientific Analysis of Four Photographs of a Flying Disk Near Lac Chauvet (France)	447-469
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 9 Number 2 /1995 - Comment on McMinnville UFO Photos
	Abstract: `A series of four photographs of a disk-shaped object apparently flying in the sky was physically analyzed. Certain details led us to develop a mathematical model of the supposed trajectory. The model was validated by measurements on the photographs, which demonstrated that the disk was distant from the camera, flying along a straight and horizontal trajectory, and was not a fabrication`
R. D. Nelson et al.	A Linear Pendulum Experiment: Effects of Operator Intention on Damping Rate	471-489
	Abstract: An attractive pendulum consisting of a two-inch crystal ball suspended on a fused silica rod is the focus of an experiment to measure possible effects of conscious intention on an analog physical system. The pendulum is enclosed in a clear acrylic box, and provided with a computer controlled mechanical system to release it from the same starting height in repeated runs. A high speed binary counter registers interruptions of photodiode beams, to measure velocities at the nadir of the pendulum arc with microsecond accuracy. In runs of 100 swings, taking about three minutes, operators attempt to keep swings high, i.e. to decrease the damping rate (HI); to reduce swing amplitude, i.e. to increase the damping rate (LO); or to take an undisturbed baseline (BL). Over a total of 1545 sets, generated by 42 operators, the HI - LO difference is significant in the direction of intention for five individuals, and the difference between intention and baseline runs is significant and positive for five other operators. The overall HI - LO difference is reduced to non-significance by strong negative performances from several operators, four of whom have comparably large scores in the direction opposite to intention. Analysis of variance reveals significant internal structure in the database (main effects F,, ,,= 2.845, p = .025). Subset comparisons indicate that male operators tend to score higher than females, and that randomly instructed trials tend toward higher scores than volitional trials, especially for male operators. Trials generated with the operator in a remote location have a larger effect size than the local trials. While direct comparisons are not straightforward, it appears that effects of operator intention on the pendulum damping rate may be similar in magnitude and style to those in other humanlmachine interaction experiments. Although this result fails to support an experimental hypothesis that the analog nature of the pendulum experiment would engender larger effect sizes, it does confirm a basic similarity of consciousness effects across experiments using fundamentally different physical systems.
P. A. STURROCK	Applied Scientific Inference	491-508
	Abstract: The purpose of this article is to use the principles of scientific inference to provide guidance in evaluating complicated issues such as those raised by the study of anomalous phenomena. Specifically, the article presents a formalism (a "protocol") for organizing and combining the many judgments that must be made in the scientific evaluation of the relevant hypotheses. All judgments are to be expressed as probabilities, and the rules for combining probabilities are derived from Bayes' theorem. Setting up a problem in a manner that permits such an analysis can be helpful in imposing a structure and discipline upon the analysis, and also in exposing relevant questions that might otherwise have remained hidden. Furthermore, the introduction of probabilities makes it possible to put on a sound numerical basis such assertions as "extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence." One finds that extraordinary evidence can be built up from many (but not very many) items of unspectacular evidence, provided the items are truly independent. The proposed procedure permits a clear separation between a statement of initial prejudice and an evaluation of the significance of considered evidence. However, it would be even better to set out explicitly the considerations on which the prejudice is based, and to view those considerations as part of the evidence to be evaluated. The procedure also draws a clear separation between the roles and judgments of data analysts (who assign probabilities to specified statements, based on the evidence), and those of theorists (who assign probabilities to the same statements, based in turn on the considered hypotheses). In order to reach a consensus on any topic, it is recommended that probability estimates be made by teams of experts, all team-members being presented with the same data but acting independently, and procedures are proposed by which individual estimates may be combined to yield a consensus estimate.

	`Essay`
John BELOFF	The Mind-Brain Problem	509-522
	Abstract: `The mind-brain problem, which is still with us, raises the question as to whether the mind is no more than the idle side-effect of our brain processes or whether the mind can, in some degree, influence behavior. Here we rehearse the arguments on both sides plus some desperate recent attempts to eliminate mind altogether.`

Dean I. RADIN	Guest Column: On Complexity and Pragmatism	523-533

	`Letters to the Editor`
	Comments on James Warwick's Book Review of Cross Currents	535-538
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 7 Number 4 /1993 - Cross Currents by Robert 0. Becker [Warwick, James]
	Further Comments on the Unreliability of Home Blood Glucose Monitors	538-539
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 8 Number 3 /1994 - Complementary Healing Therapy for Patients With Type I Diabetes Mellitus [Wirth, Daniel P. & Mitchell, Barbara J.] Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 9 Number 1 /1995 - Erratum

	`Book Reviews`
Michael C. IBISON	The Interrelationship Between Mind and Matter edited by B. Rubik	541-545
Theodore ROCKWELL	The Interrelationship Between Mind and Matter edited by B. Rubik	545-546
Emily Williams COOK	A History of Hypnotism by A. Gauld	546-553
Angela THOMPSON	The Allagash Abductions: Undeniable Evidence of Alien Intervention by R. E. Fowler	554
	Review: Raymond E. FOWLER,THE ALLAGASH ABDUCTIONS - 1993
Henry H. BAUER	Higher Superstition: The Academic Left and Its Quarrels with Science by P. R. Gross and N. Levitt	555-563
Stuart EDELSTEIN	Perilous Knowledge: The Human Genome Project and Its Implications by T. Wilkie	563-565
Lori Anne NEALE	The Body, Self-Cultivation, and Ki-Energy by Y. Yuasa	565-568

Roger NELSON	The Second Euro-SSE Conference	569

	`Abstracts of the Second Euro-SSE Conference`
Robert MORRIS	Investigating Anomalies in Human-Machine Interaction	570
Jessica UTTS	Decision Augmentation Theory: Can Precognition Explain PK Data	570-571
Walter VON LUCADOU	Psychological Correlates of Experimental Human-Machine Anomalies: Influence, Selection, or What?	571
Zoltan VASSY	Correlation without Causation: on the Nature of Parapsychological Phenomena	571-572
B. E. P. CLEMENT	Conceptual Modeling in the Temporal Domain	572
Harold ASPDEN	The Experimental Pathway to New Sources of Energy	572-573
Harold E. PUTHOFF	On the Feasibility of Converting Vacuum Electromagnetic Energy to a Useful Form	573-574
Bernhard HAISCH	Zero-Point Field, Inertia, and Mach's Principle	574
Roger NELSON	Anomalous Interactions: Intention, Information, and Consciousness	574-575
S. JEFFERS, J. SLOAN	The Double-Slit Experiment as a Potentially Sensitive Detector of Anomalous Effects	575
Euan J. SQUIRES	The Implication of Quantum Theory for an Understanding of Consciousness	575-576
Jacques BENVENISTE	The Transfer of Specific Molecular Signals by Electromagnetic Means, and Its Consequences in Biology and Medicine	576
L. PYATNITSKY	Consciousness Influence on Water Structure	576-577
Zbignew WOLKOWSKI	Recent Advances in the Phoron Concept: An Attempt to Decrease the Incompleteness of Scientific Exploration	576-577
Roeland VAN WIJK	Understanding the Benefits of Subharmful Doses of Toxicants	577-578
Zoltan DIENES	Tests of Sheldrake's Claim of Morphic Resonance	578
Suitbert ERTEL	The Maharishi Effect in Transcendental Meditation: Fancy or Fact?	578-579
Archie E. ROY	The Great Crop Circle Mystery	579
Robin ALLEN	Science, Pseudoscience, and the Crop Circle Phenomenon	579-580
Léon BRENIG	Remote Sensing: A Tool for UFOLOGY	580
Paul DEVEREUX	"Earth Lights": History and Latest Developments Concerning Research into Anomalous Light Phenomena	580-581
George EGELY	Ball Lightning: The Last Enigma of the Atmosphere?	581
Erling STRAND	Project Hessdalen-A Field Investigation of an Unknown Atmospheric Light Phenomenon	581-582
Susan J. HOWAT, Deborah L. DELANOY, Robert L. MORRIS	Remote Staring Detection and Personality Correlates	582
Deborah L. DELANOY, Sunita SAH	Cognitive and Physiological PSI Responses to Remote Positive and Neutral Emotional States	581-582
	Comparison of the SenderINo Sender Conditions Using an Automated Ganzfeld System	583-584
Ian STEVENSON	Six Modem Apparitional Experiences	584
Peter A. STURROCK	The Role of Heresies in Scientific Research	584-585

	`SSE News`
	Odier Research Foundation Publishes Bulletin	587
	14th Annual Meeting: Announcement and Call for Papers	588

Journal of Scientific Exploration

Volume 11 Number 2 1997

Name: Sturrock, Peter A. (1924 - 2024)

CONTENTS

Author	Title	Pag

	`Research Articles`
Mark J. CARLOTTO	Evidence in Support of the Hypothesis that Certain Objects on Mars are Artificial in Origin	123-145
	Abstract: Findings from a series of independent investigations are summarized and presented as evidence in support of the hypothesis that certain features on the Martian surface are artificial in origin. The discussion focuses on the Cydonia region in Mars' northern hemisphere. The features under investigation include a formation approximately 2.5 by 2 km in size that resembles a humanoid face staring up into space from the surface and a number of nearby objects. One set of objects located 10-20 km southwest of the Face which has been termed the "City" contains several unusual structures comparable in size to the Face and a number of smaller structures which together with the larger objects in the City appear to be arranged in an organized pattern. Several other anomalous features in the area are also examined. Three types of evidence are presented which support the hypothesis that the objects in question are artificial. The first is based on a detailed examination of the objects themselves, the second concerns spatial and angular relationships, and the third involves a comparative analysis of the shape of certain objects. Using a Bayesian inference model and assuming the above sources of evidence are mutually independent we show that the existing evidence strongly supports the hypothesis that these objects may be artificial in origin
Richard THOMPSON	Planetary Diameters in the Surya-Siddhanta	193-200
	Abstract: This paper discusses a rule given in the Indian astronomical text Surya-siddhanta for computing the angular diameters of the planets. By combining these angular diameters with the circumferences of the planetary orbits listed in this text, it is possible to compute the diameters of the planets. When these computations are carried out, the results agree surprisingly well with modern astronomical data. Several possible explanations for this are discussed, and it is hypothesized that the angular diameter rule in the Surya-siddhanta may be based on advanced astronomical knowledge that was developed in ancient times but has now been largely forgotten.

	`Guest Column`
Peter A. STURROCK	Curious, Creative and Critical Thinking	225-230

	`Letter to the Editor`
	On the Wood Book Review of "Top Secret/Majic"	233-239
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 11 Number 1 /1997 - Top Secret/Majic, by Stanton T. Friedman [Wood, Robert M.]
	Fortean Phenomena on Film? Evidence or Artifact	239-242
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 11 Number 1 /1997 - Fortean Phenomena on Filmm: Evidence or Artifact? [Lange, Rense & Houran, James]

	`Book Review`
Richard F. HAINES	Expedientes Insolitos by Vincente J. Ballester Olmos	261-262
	Review: Vicente-Juan BALLESTER OLMOS,EXPEDIENTES INSÓLITOS - 1995
	Also printed International UFO Reporter Volume 21 number 1 Spring/1996 - [Haines, Richard F.], MUFON UFO JOURNAL 333 January/1996 - Expedientes Insolitos: El fenomeno OVNI y los Archives de Defensa [Haines, Richard F.],

Journal of Scientific Exploration

Volume 18 Number 3 2004

Name: Sturrock, Peter A. (1924 - 2024)

CONTENTS

Author	Title	Pag

	`Research Articles`
Peter A. STURROCK	Time-Series Analysis of a Catalog of UFO Events: Evidence of a Local-Sidereal-Time Modulation	399-419
	Abstract: Analysis of a large database may yield patterns that are not obvious by studying individual cases. We here carry out a time-series analysis of a selection of the 1999 version of the Hatch UFO catalog, comprising 12,100 events, for which geographical and temporal data are well established. We compare our results with those of earlier analyses by Poher and Vallee on smaller datasets, and confirm that the event rate exhibits a modulation related to local sidereal time (LST). Such a modulation could in principle be simply a spurious effect due to the combined influence of a strong time-of-day modulation, and an expected time-of-year modulation. However, we develop a test to distinguish such a spurious pattern from an intrinsic pattern. This test indicates that the LST modulation is intrinsic
Tore WESSEL-BERG	Ball Lightning and Atmospheric Light Phenomena: A Common Origin?	439-481
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 19 Number 1 /2005 - Ball Lightning or UFOs?
	Abstract: The paper proposes a common origin of atmospheric light phenomena, including ball lightning and higher atmospheric lightnings such as UFOs and light emissions of various shapes. The emission of light from seemingly localized objects is described as the end stage of an electromagnetic process involving conversion of electric energy from the original distributed form between clouds to a concentrated form in a free space spherical circuit. The paper describes the localized fields as a standing wave of radial Direct Current (DC) pulses in a floating electrodeless ‘‘free space circuit’’ characterized by a strong field region at the center giving rise to ionization of gas molecules and light emissions. The presentation describes a sequence of events initiated by some atmospheric discharge such as a lightning bolt, followed by a parametric conversion process of the prestrike electric energy stored in the charged clouds, via magnetic energy during the strike, to poststrike electric energy stored in the spherical system. Because the electromagnetic field solutions specifying the particular spherical system have the form of transmission line equations, describing the fields as superpositions of traveling spherical waves, much of the theory is formulated on concepts drawn from regular transmission lines. The theory predicts formation of ball lightning objects near ground or higher altitude lightning objects of various shapes, emphasizing their common origin. The paper explains the motion of the localized ionized objects as due to interaction with the environmental electric fields of charged cloud systems, with no apparent limits on speed and acceleration including abrupt directional changes. The paper discusses the predicted characteristics of the lightning phenomena, in particular describing expected motions under specific circumstances, and showing these to be compatible with the bulk of observations, with no obvious contradictions.

Journal of Scientific Exploration

Volume 32 Issue 2 2018

Editor: Stephen E. BRAUDE

Name: Sturrock, Peter A. (1924 - 2024)

CONTENTS

Author	Title	Pag

	Editorial
Stephen E. BRAUDE		255-264

	`Research Articles`
Markus A. MAIER, Mortiz C. DECHAMPS	Observer Effects on Quantum Randomness: Testing Micro-Psychokinetic Effects of Smokers on Addiction-Related Stimuli	265-297
	Abstract: A vivid discussion revolves around the role of the human mind in the quantum measurement process. While some authors argue that conscious observation is a necessary element to achieve the transition from quantum to classical states during measurement (Wigner 1963), some go even further and propose a more active influence of the human mind on the probabilities of quantum measurement outcomes (e.g., Atmanspacher, Römer, & Walach 2002, Penrose & Hameroff 2011). This proposition was tested in micro-psychokinesis (micro-Pk) research in which intentional observer effects on quantum random number generators (RNGs) were investigated. In the studies presented here, we extended this line of research and tested the impact of unconscious goals on micro-Pk. Our focus lies in cigarette addiction as an unconscious drive, and we hypothesized that regular cigarette smokers would influence the outcome of a quantum RNG that determined whether the participant was going to see a smoking-related or a neutral picture. Study 1 revealed strong evidence for micro-Pk (BF10 = 66.06), supporting H1 . As expected, no deviation from chance was found with non-smokers. Study 2, a pre-registered highly powered replication attempt, failed to reproduce this result and showed strong evidence for H0 (BF01 = 11.07). When the data from both studies are combined, a remarkable change in effect across time (resembling a combination of appearance followed by decline) can be seen only in the smokers’ subsample. Appearance and decline effects were absent in the non-smokers’ sample and in a simulation. Based on von Lucadou’s Model of Pragmatic Information, we suggest that (micro-)Pk effects follow a systematic pattern comparable to a dampened harmonic oscillation. This concept may shed new light on past and future Pk research.
Reiniero HERNANDEZ, Robert DAVIS, Russell SCALPONE, Rudolph SCHILD	A Study on Reported Contact with Non- Human Intelligence Associated with Unidentified Aerial Phenomena	298--348
	Abstract: This study, conducted by the Dr. Edgar Mitchell Foundation for Research into Extraterrestrial and Extraordinary Experiences (FREE), represents the fi rst comprehensive investigation on individuals (N = 3,256) who have reported various forms of contact experience (CE) with a non-human intelligent being (NHI) associated with or without an unidentifi ed aerial phenomenon (UAP). Our research methodology utilized two comprehensive quantitative surveys totaling 554 questions administered to subjects with reported non-hypnotic memory recall of their CE. This survey addressed a diverse range of physical, psychological, perceptual, and paranormal aspects of reported non-hypnotic–based recall of both physical and/or non-physical interactions with an NHI. The results revealed complex reported CEs that involve both physical and non-physical events (psychological outcomes, nonordinary states of consciousness, and paranormal experiences). What may be the most signifi cant aspect of the interim results is that approximately 70% (N = 2,279) of the study population claimed that their CE changed their life in a “positive way.” In contrast, only 15–20% reported a “negative” impact from their CE. Further, the majority of subjects did not report events typically associated with the traditionally held beliefs regarding the “alien-abduction” phenomena. That is, the results suggest that the reported CE with an NHI is largely non-physical and can occur via telepathy, during an out-ofbody experience, being fl oated into a “matrix-like” reality, as well as through physical interaction on board a craft. Consequently, the results suggest that a non-physical (“contactee”) CE is distinctly diff erent from a physical (“abduction”) CE and should be studied as separate but interrelated anomalous events. In fact, the CE associated with a UAP is not the predominant form of CE, and sighting a UAP is not necessarily associated with a CE. Consequently, future studies should not focus exclusively on the analysis of UAP sightings and traces alone which, based on decades of research, have not advanced our understanding of the possible force that governs and regulates this complex phenomenon. This is an important consideration since the FREE study dispels the notion that contact with NHIs must always entail either a physical abduction or a landed craft with beings interacting with humans. This study may serve as a needed foundation for researchers to build upon for validation purposes to better understand a unique and diverse range of reported physical and non-physical type CEs with an NHI associated with or without a UAP.

	`Historical Perspective`
Zofia WEAVER	Mediumistic Phenomena Part II by Julian Ochorowicz	349-411
	(Translated by Zofia WEAVER)
	Serie: Volume 32 Issue 1 /2018 Mediumistic Phenomena by Julian Ochorowicz Volume 32 Issue 2 /2018 Mediumistic Phenomena Part II by Julian Ochorowicz

	`Essay`
Peter A. STURROCK	Bob Jahn: Co-Founder of SSE	412-413

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