Libriufo

Journal of Scientific Exploration
A Publication of the Society for Scientific Exploration
Volume 1 Number 1 1987
Society for Scientific Exploration

Editor: Ronald A. HOWARD

Name: Dunne, Brenda J.; Nelson, Roger D.; Jahn, Robert G.

CONTENTS

Author	Title	Pag

Ronald A. HOWARD	Editorial	i

Peter A. STURROCK	A Brief History of the Society for Scientific Exploration	1-2

David F. HALL, Susan J. McFEATERS, Elisabeth F. LOFTUS	Alterations in Recollection of Unusual and Unexpected Events	3-10

Richard G. FOWLER	Toward a Quantitative Theory of Intellectual Discovery (Especially in Physics)	11-20
	Abstract: By the study of time intervals in a subjective yet consistently chosen temporally ordered list of the critical ideas which comprise Physics, a quantitative theory of the growth of these ideas is inferred which takes the entirely plausible form that the rate of growth of ideas is proportional to the totality of known ideas multiplied by the totality of people in the world. There is some slight titillating indication in the data that the rate of fundamental discovery in Physics has been decreasing abnormally over the past 50 years.

R. G. JAHN, B. J. DUNNE, R. D. NELSON	Engineering Anomalies Research	21-50
	Abstract: Anomalous consciousness-related phenomena of possible relevance to basic physical science and modern engineering practice are addressed experimentally and theoretically in an effort to identify those devices, systems, and processes most likely to display operator-related anomalies in their performance, and to illuminate the characteristics of such aberrations. Three interrelated sectors of effort are pursued: the design, implementation, operation, and interpretation of experiments in low-level psychokinesis; the development of analytical methodologies for quantitative assessment of precognitive remote perception data; and the development of theoretical models useful for correlation of the experimental data, design of better experiments, and explication of the phenomena on fundamental grounds. The primary effect observed in the psychokinesis experiments is a marginal but replicable shift of the mean of output count distributions with respect to empirical baselines or theoretical expectations, with no discernible alterations in any higher moments. Over large data bases, these mean shifts can compound with considerable statistical regularity to high levels of significance, depending on the particular operator, the direction of effort, and other prevailing experimental conditions. In many cases, individual operator "signatures" of achievement are found to transfer across various experimental devices, including some driven by deterministic pseudo-random sources. Quantitative analysis of a large data base of remote perception experiments reveals similar departures from chance expectation of the degree of target information acquired by anomalous means. Digital scoring techniques based on a spectrum of 30 binary descriptors, applied to all targets and perceptions in the experimental pool, consistently indicate acquisition of substantial topical and impressionistic information about remote geographical locations inaccessible by known sensory channels. The degree of such anomalous information acquisition appears independent of the spatial separation of the percipient from the target, up to global distances, and also independent of the temporal separation of the perception effort from the time of target specification by the agent, up to periods of precognition or retrocognition of several days. In an attempt to illuminate these empirical results, a theoretical model has been proposed that invokes quantum mechanical metaphors to describe the interaction of consciousness with its environment. By representing consciousness by quantum mechanical wave functions and its physical environment by appropriate potential energy profiles, Schrodinger wave mechanics may be used to define eigenfunctions and eigenvalues indicative of psychological and physical experience, both normal and anomalous, in a form applicable to the experimental designs. The experimental results in hand, along with the generic predictions of the theoretical model, suggest numerous short and longer term practical applications of the phenomena, and raise basic issues about the role of consciousness in the establishment of reality.

Henry H. BAUER	Society and Scientific Anomalies: Common Knowledge About the Loch Ness Monster	51-74
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 1 Number 2 June/1988 - Comments on Bauer's "Loch Ness Monster," Volume 1, Number 1, 1987 [Westman, James]

P. A. STURROCK	An Analysis of the Condon Report on the Colorado UFO Project	75-100
	Abstract: The "Condon Report," presenting the findings of the Colorado Project on a scientific study of unidentified flying objects, has been and remains the most influential public document concerning the scientific status of this problem. Hence, all current scientific work on the UFO problem must make reference to the Condon Report. For this reason, it remains important to understand the contents of this report, the work on which the report is based, and the relationship of the "Summary of the Study" and "Conclusions and Recommendations" to the body of the report. The present analysis of this report contains an overview, an analysis of evidence by categories, and a discussion of scientific methodology. The overview shows that most case studies were conducted by junior stac the senior staff took little part, and the director took no part, in these investigations. The analysis of evidence by categories shows that there are substantial and significant differences between the findings of the project staff and those that the director attributes to the project. Although both the director and the staff are cautious in stating conclusions, the staff tend to emphasize challenging cases and unanswered questions, whereas the director emphasizes the difficulty of further study and the probability that there is no scientific knowledge to be gained. Concerning methodology, it appears that the project was unable to identify current challenging cases that warranted truly exhaustive investigation. Nor did the project develop a uniform and systematic procedure for cataloging the large number of older cases with which they were provided. In drawing conclusions from the study of such a problem, the nature and scope of which are fraught with so much uncertainty, it would have been prudent to avoid theory-dependent arguments.

Journal of Scientific Exploration
A Publication of the Society for Scientific Exploration
Volume 2 Number 2 September 1988
Society for Scientific Exploration

Editor: Bernhard M. HAISCH

Name: Jahn, Robert G.; Dunne, Brenda J.; Nelson, Roger D.

CONTENTS

Author	Title	Pag

Bernhard M. HAISCH	Editorial	91-92

	`Invited Assay`
Richard C. HENRY	UFOs and NASA	93-142
	Abstract: In 1977 President Carter's Science Advisor recommended that a small panel of inquiry be formed by NASA to see if there had been any new significant findings on UFOs since the US Air Force-sponsored investigation of UFOs ("Condon Report") a decade earlier. Five months later, NASA responded to that recommendation by proposing "to take no steps to establish a research activity in this area or to convene a symposium on the subject." This article offers a partial inside look at how that decision was made at NASA.
Yewant TERZIAN	The Nature of Time	143-154
	Abstract: One of the most fundamental concepts in our experience of existence is the flow of time-continuously from the past to the future. Yet, the basic nature of time as part of the description of the universe is not understood at all. The conservation laws of physics seem to be time-symmetrical, every detailed action could occur in reverse, which argues that the concept of the passage of time is not needed in nature. Yet, that time flows in one direction remains part of our experience. Can time stop? Can we influence the future? Can we influence the past? The historical and thermodynamic arrows of time are discussed and several enigmas and contradictions about the nature of time are revealed. The concept of "entropy" and its relation to the universe as a whole is explored. The fundamental changes of our notions of a uniformly flowing time, made by Albert Einstein in his Special and General Theories of Relativity are pointed out, and several "paradoxes" and "anomalous" examples are described. The nature of time and its relation to the Big-Bang cosmology is discussed, and the question "What was before the Big-Bang" is addressed.

Brenda J. DUNNE, Roger D. NELSON, Robert G. JAHN	Operator-Related Anomalies in a Random Mechanical Cascade	155-179
	Abstract: Experiments with a "Random Mechanical Cascade" (RMC) apparatus have yielded anomalous results correlated with pre-stated intentions of human operators. Based upon a common statistical demonstration device, this machine allows 9000 polystyrene balls to drop through a matrix of 330 pegs, scattering them into 19 collecting bins with a population distribution that is approximately Gaussian. As the balls enter the bins, exact counts are accumulated photoelectrically, displayed as feedback for the operator, and recorded on-line. Operators attempt to shift the mean of the developing distributions to the right or left, relative to a concurrently generated baseline distribution. Of the 25 operators who have completed one or more experimental series with this device, four have achieved anomalous separations of their right and left efforts, and two others have displayed significant separations of either their right or left efforts from their baselines. The overall mean difference of right versus left efforts concatenated across the total data base of 87 series (3393 runs), has a probability against chance of < with 15% of the individual series significant at p < .05, and 63% conforming to the intended directions. The concatenated results display a stark and curious asymmetry, in that virtually all of the right vs. left separation is provided by the left vs. baseline separation. This pattern also appears in the data of several individual operators, and is not attributable to any known physical asymmetry in the experimental system. In addition to the systematic asymmetric deviation of the distribution means, cumulative excesses in the variances of the left and right distributions relative to baseline are also observed, progressing to statistical probabilities of .003 in the left efforts, but only .2 in the right. More detailed study of the individual bin population patterns reveals that while most of the bins contribute to the overall mean shifts and variance changes, those on the outer portions are more influential than those near the center. Operator achievements tend to compound marginally but systematically in cumulative deviation patterns characteristic of the particular individuals and, in several cases, similar to those produced by the same operators in microelectronic Random Event Generator (REG) experiments. Within these characteristic patterns of achievement, some operators also show sensitivities to secondary experimental parameters, such as instructed vs. volitional establishment of the intended directions, or the presence or absence of feedback displays. Other successful operators seem insensitive to such options. Two major protocol variations have been explored, one employing remote operators, the other, multiple operators. In the former, operators with well-established performance in local experiments attempt to influence the bin distributions from remote locations up to several thousand miles from the laboratory. Significant results are again obtained that are quite similar to those of the local experiments, with the exception that the overall right and left distribution variances are smaller than those of the baseline. In the multiple operator experiments, early results show little resemblance to those achieved by the participating individuals alone.

Richard G. DOUGLAS	Archaeological Anomalies in the Bahamas	181-201
	Abstract: Controversial claims have been made for the presence of anomalous underwater archaeological sites in the Bahamas by a number of investigators. The proponents emphasize extraordinary explanations for the anomalies and tend to bypass the scientific journals in favor of popular presentations with little scientific rigor. The skeptics debunk selected claims for some of the sites, do not adequately address the prominent anomalous aspects, and attempt to fit explanations with which they disagree into a general category of cult archaeology. This paper reviews the work of the proponents and skeptics, discusses some of the reasons why they are unable to reach agreement, and addresses the relevance of the controversy to the response of the archaeological community to extraordinary claims.

Tom G. SLANGER	Evidence for a Short-Period Internal Clock in Humans	203-216
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 3 Number 2 September/1989 - Comments on Slanger's Internal Clock
	Abstract: The concept of an internal clock in humans and animals has had many supporters and detractors over the years. In this article, we demonstrate the apparent existence of an extremely precise time sense in humans, but the process is not related to conscious estimates of the passage of time. Instead, the experiments indicate that there is a mechanism, operating below the level of consciousness, that, with occasional feedback, can keep track of clock time. The precision of the system is quite extraordinary; the observations are consistent with synchronization between the internal timekeeper and clock time to within an averaged value of one part in 10 4.

Ian STEVENSON, Godwin SARNARARATNE	Three New Cases of the Reincarnation Type in Sri Lanka With Written Records Made Before Verifications	217-238
	Abstract: Three new cases in Sri Lanka of children who claim to remember previous lives were identified before the statements made by the children subjects of the cases had been verified. The authors made a written record of what the child said and then located a family corresponding to the child's statements. Although none of the children stated the name of the deceased person whose life the child seemed to remember, they all furnished details that, taken together, were sufficiently specific to identify one particular person as the only person corresponding to the child's statements. Careful inquiries about the possibilities for the normal communication of information from one family to the other before the case developed provide no evidence of such communication and make it seem almost impossible that it could have occurred. The written records of exactly what the child said about the previous life make it possible to exclude distortion of memories of the child's statements on the part of informants after the two families concerned have met. The children seem to have shown paranormal knowledge about deceased persons who were previously completely unknown to their families.

	`Letters to the Editor`
	Comment on Beloff's Parapsychology: The Continuing Impasse	239-240
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 1 Number 2 June/1988 - Parapsychology: The Continuing Impasse [Beloff, John]

	`Book Review`
Bernhard M. EFAISCH	Children Who Remember Previous Lives: A Question of Reincarnation, by Ian Stevenson	241-244

Journal of Scientific Exploration

Volume 8 Number 2 1994

Name: Dunne, Brenda J.; Dobyns, York H.; Jahn, Robert G.; Nelson, Roger D.

CONTENTS

Author	Title	Pag

Peter A. STURROCK	Report on a Survey of the Membership of the American Astronomical Society Concerning the UFO Problem: Part 2	153-195
	Serie: Volume 8 Number 1 Spring/1994 Report on a Survey of the Membership of the American Astronomical Society Concerning the UFO Problem: Part 1 Volume 8 Number 2 /1994 Report on a Survey of the Membership of the American Astronomical Society Concerning the UFO Problem: Part 2 Volume 8 Number 3 /1994 Report on a Survey of the Membership of the American Astronomical Society Concerning the UFO Problem: Part 3
	Abstract: `Refereed journals, to which scientists turn for their reliable information, carry virtually no information on the UFO problem. Does this imply that scientists have no views and no thoughts on the subject, or that all scientists consider it insignificant? Does it imply that scientists have no reports to submit comparable with UFO reports published in newspapers and popular books? The purpose of this survey was to answer these questions.`

Brenda J. DUNNE, York H. DOBYNS, Robert G. JAHN, Roger D. NELSON	Series Position Effects In Random Event Generator Experiments with Appendix by Angela Thompson	197-215
	Abstract: Effect sizes achieved by human operators in random event generator anomalies experiments show correlations with the ordinal positions of the experimental series in both the collective and individual databases. Specifically, there are statistically significant tendencies for operators to produce better scores over their first series, then to fall off in performance in their second and third series, and then to recover to some intermediate levels during their fourth, fifth, and subsequent series. Such correlations appear in both local and remote experiments, and are also indicated over a sequence of different experimental protocols, but no similar effects are found in baseline or calibration data. These serial position patterns thus appear to be primarily psychological in origin, and may subsume the rudimentary "decline," "primacy," "recency," and "terminal" effects propounded in the parapsychological and psychological literature. The results also emphasize the importance of very large individual databases in determining the asymptotic effect sizes in any given experiment of this type


K. Volkamer et al.	Experimental Re-Examination of the Law of Conservation of Mass in Chemical Reactions	217-250
	Abstract: At the beginning of the century the law of conservation of mass in chemical reactions was checked experimentally by Landolt and various other experimenters. Even though in 8 of the 10 chemical reactions studied by Landolt the validity of conservation of mass was confirmed within the margin of experimental errors, in 2 reactions the pre vs. post comparison of the determined weights indicated mass differences that exceeded the experimental error by up to a factor of 6, indicating apparent violations of the law of conservation of mass. However by averaging between such results and subjective assessments Landolt discarded these deviations. We report on careful and systematic repetitions of one of Landolt's chemical experiments. Using modern sensitive and, in one case, automatic weighing techniques, the results obtained reveal time-dependent and long-range gravitational irregularities which are many orders of magnitude larger than expected relativistic mass effects, indicating an apparent violation of the law of conservation of mass in this special chemical reaction. Similar effects could be found in biological and purely physical systems, as well as synergistic effects between these systems. The observed spontaneous mass fluctuations suggest the existence of a form of cold, dark matter which is detected in the described systems.
Michael EPSTEIN, Joe HIMES	Response to Volkamer et al.	251-253

William H. JEFFERYS	Erratum: Bayesian Analysis of Random Event Generator Data	255-256
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 4 Number 2 /1990 - Bayesian Analysis of Random Event Generator Data [Jefferys, William H.]

	`Invited Essay`
Ervin LASZLO	The 'Genius Hypothesis': Exploratory Concepts for a Scientific Understanding of Unusual Creativity	257-267
	Abstract: Unusual acts of artistic and scientific creativity - associated in the popular mind with the concept of "genius" - do not have a satisfactory explanation in terms of the cerebral or mental processes of individuals. The 'genius hypothesis' suggests that such acts of creativity involve an interaction between the mind of the creative individual and other minds, bent on similar creative endeavors. The interaction envisaged in the hypothesis relies on the spontaneous transmission of the crucial Einfall that catalyzes the creative acts. Following the presentation of pertinent evidence culled from the fields of cultural development, scientific discovery and artistic production, the mechanism of transference is illustrated with the analogy of networked computers. It is also shown to shed light on what Jung called 'archetypal experience.' The phenomenon of instantaneous spatiotemporal connectivity is not limited to human brain-minds but has counterparts in quantum physics and evolutionary biology. Its explanation poses one of the greatest challenges to the contemporary natural sciences

Topher COOPER	Anomalous Propagation	269-273

Michael EPSTEIN	The Skeptical Perspective	275-277

Bruno W. AUGENSTEIN	Guest Column: Conceiving Nature-Discovering Reality	279-282

	`Letters to the Editor`
	Comments on "Alleged Experiences Inside UFOs"	283-284
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 8 Number 1 Spring/1994 - Alleged Experiences Inside UFOs: An Analysis of Abduction Reports [Ballester Olmos, Vicente-Juan]
	Comments on "A Review of Near-Death Experience"	284

Journal of Scientific Exploration

Volume 8 Number 4 1994

Name: Nelson, Roger D.; Bradish, G. J.; Dunne, Brenda J.; Jahn, Robert G.

CONTENTS

Author	Title	Pag

	`Research Articles`
Pierre GUÉRIN	A Scientific Analysis of Four Photographs of a Flying Disk Near Lac Chauvet (France)	447-469
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 9 Number 2 /1995 - Comment on McMinnville UFO Photos
	Abstract: `A series of four photographs of a disk-shaped object apparently flying in the sky was physically analyzed. Certain details led us to develop a mathematical model of the supposed trajectory. The model was validated by measurements on the photographs, which demonstrated that the disk was distant from the camera, flying along a straight and horizontal trajectory, and was not a fabrication`
R. D. Nelson et al.	A Linear Pendulum Experiment: Effects of Operator Intention on Damping Rate	471-489
	Abstract: An attractive pendulum consisting of a two-inch crystal ball suspended on a fused silica rod is the focus of an experiment to measure possible effects of conscious intention on an analog physical system. The pendulum is enclosed in a clear acrylic box, and provided with a computer controlled mechanical system to release it from the same starting height in repeated runs. A high speed binary counter registers interruptions of photodiode beams, to measure velocities at the nadir of the pendulum arc with microsecond accuracy. In runs of 100 swings, taking about three minutes, operators attempt to keep swings high, i.e. to decrease the damping rate (HI); to reduce swing amplitude, i.e. to increase the damping rate (LO); or to take an undisturbed baseline (BL). Over a total of 1545 sets, generated by 42 operators, the HI - LO difference is significant in the direction of intention for five individuals, and the difference between intention and baseline runs is significant and positive for five other operators. The overall HI - LO difference is reduced to non-significance by strong negative performances from several operators, four of whom have comparably large scores in the direction opposite to intention. Analysis of variance reveals significant internal structure in the database (main effects F,, ,,= 2.845, p = .025). Subset comparisons indicate that male operators tend to score higher than females, and that randomly instructed trials tend toward higher scores than volitional trials, especially for male operators. Trials generated with the operator in a remote location have a larger effect size than the local trials. While direct comparisons are not straightforward, it appears that effects of operator intention on the pendulum damping rate may be similar in magnitude and style to those in other humanlmachine interaction experiments. Although this result fails to support an experimental hypothesis that the analog nature of the pendulum experiment would engender larger effect sizes, it does confirm a basic similarity of consciousness effects across experiments using fundamentally different physical systems.
P. A. STURROCK	Applied Scientific Inference	491-508
	Abstract: The purpose of this article is to use the principles of scientific inference to provide guidance in evaluating complicated issues such as those raised by the study of anomalous phenomena. Specifically, the article presents a formalism (a "protocol") for organizing and combining the many judgments that must be made in the scientific evaluation of the relevant hypotheses. All judgments are to be expressed as probabilities, and the rules for combining probabilities are derived from Bayes' theorem. Setting up a problem in a manner that permits such an analysis can be helpful in imposing a structure and discipline upon the analysis, and also in exposing relevant questions that might otherwise have remained hidden. Furthermore, the introduction of probabilities makes it possible to put on a sound numerical basis such assertions as "extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence." One finds that extraordinary evidence can be built up from many (but not very many) items of unspectacular evidence, provided the items are truly independent. The proposed procedure permits a clear separation between a statement of initial prejudice and an evaluation of the significance of considered evidence. However, it would be even better to set out explicitly the considerations on which the prejudice is based, and to view those considerations as part of the evidence to be evaluated. The procedure also draws a clear separation between the roles and judgments of data analysts (who assign probabilities to specified statements, based on the evidence), and those of theorists (who assign probabilities to the same statements, based in turn on the considered hypotheses). In order to reach a consensus on any topic, it is recommended that probability estimates be made by teams of experts, all team-members being presented with the same data but acting independently, and procedures are proposed by which individual estimates may be combined to yield a consensus estimate.

	`Essay`
John BELOFF	The Mind-Brain Problem	509-522
	Abstract: `The mind-brain problem, which is still with us, raises the question as to whether the mind is no more than the idle side-effect of our brain processes or whether the mind can, in some degree, influence behavior. Here we rehearse the arguments on both sides plus some desperate recent attempts to eliminate mind altogether.`

Dean I. RADIN	Guest Column: On Complexity and Pragmatism	523-533

	`Letters to the Editor`
	Comments on James Warwick's Book Review of Cross Currents	535-538
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 7 Number 4 /1993 - Cross Currents by Robert 0. Becker [Warwick, James]
	Further Comments on the Unreliability of Home Blood Glucose Monitors	538-539
	`Related:` Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 8 Number 3 /1994 - Complementary Healing Therapy for Patients With Type I Diabetes Mellitus [Wirth, Daniel P. & Mitchell, Barbara J.] Journal of Scientific Exploration Volume 9 Number 1 /1995 - Erratum

	`Book Reviews`
Michael C. IBISON	The Interrelationship Between Mind and Matter edited by B. Rubik	541-545
Theodore ROCKWELL	The Interrelationship Between Mind and Matter edited by B. Rubik	545-546
Emily Williams COOK	A History of Hypnotism by A. Gauld	546-553
Angela THOMPSON	The Allagash Abductions: Undeniable Evidence of Alien Intervention by R. E. Fowler	554
	Review: Raymond E. FOWLER,THE ALLAGASH ABDUCTIONS - 1993
Henry H. BAUER	Higher Superstition: The Academic Left and Its Quarrels with Science by P. R. Gross and N. Levitt	555-563
Stuart EDELSTEIN	Perilous Knowledge: The Human Genome Project and Its Implications by T. Wilkie	563-565
Lori Anne NEALE	The Body, Self-Cultivation, and Ki-Energy by Y. Yuasa	565-568

Roger NELSON	The Second Euro-SSE Conference	569

	`Abstracts of the Second Euro-SSE Conference`
Robert MORRIS	Investigating Anomalies in Human-Machine Interaction	570
Jessica UTTS	Decision Augmentation Theory: Can Precognition Explain PK Data	570-571
Walter VON LUCADOU	Psychological Correlates of Experimental Human-Machine Anomalies: Influence, Selection, or What?	571
Zoltan VASSY	Correlation without Causation: on the Nature of Parapsychological Phenomena	571-572
B. E. P. CLEMENT	Conceptual Modeling in the Temporal Domain	572
Harold ASPDEN	The Experimental Pathway to New Sources of Energy	572-573
Harold E. PUTHOFF	On the Feasibility of Converting Vacuum Electromagnetic Energy to a Useful Form	573-574
Bernhard HAISCH	Zero-Point Field, Inertia, and Mach's Principle	574
Roger NELSON	Anomalous Interactions: Intention, Information, and Consciousness	574-575
S. JEFFERS, J. SLOAN	The Double-Slit Experiment as a Potentially Sensitive Detector of Anomalous Effects	575
Euan J. SQUIRES	The Implication of Quantum Theory for an Understanding of Consciousness	575-576
Jacques BENVENISTE	The Transfer of Specific Molecular Signals by Electromagnetic Means, and Its Consequences in Biology and Medicine	576
L. PYATNITSKY	Consciousness Influence on Water Structure	576-577
Zbignew WOLKOWSKI	Recent Advances in the Phoron Concept: An Attempt to Decrease the Incompleteness of Scientific Exploration	576-577
Roeland VAN WIJK	Understanding the Benefits of Subharmful Doses of Toxicants	577-578
Zoltan DIENES	Tests of Sheldrake's Claim of Morphic Resonance	578
Suitbert ERTEL	The Maharishi Effect in Transcendental Meditation: Fancy or Fact?	578-579
Archie E. ROY	The Great Crop Circle Mystery	579
Robin ALLEN	Science, Pseudoscience, and the Crop Circle Phenomenon	579-580
Léon BRENIG	Remote Sensing: A Tool for UFOLOGY	580
Paul DEVEREUX	"Earth Lights": History and Latest Developments Concerning Research into Anomalous Light Phenomena	580-581
George EGELY	Ball Lightning: The Last Enigma of the Atmosphere?	581
Erling STRAND	Project Hessdalen-A Field Investigation of an Unknown Atmospheric Light Phenomenon	581-582
Susan J. HOWAT, Deborah L. DELANOY, Robert L. MORRIS	Remote Staring Detection and Personality Correlates	582
Deborah L. DELANOY, Sunita SAH	Cognitive and Physiological PSI Responses to Remote Positive and Neutral Emotional States	581-582
	Comparison of the SenderINo Sender Conditions Using an Automated Ganzfeld System	583-584
Ian STEVENSON	Six Modem Apparitional Experiences	584
Peter A. STURROCK	The Role of Heresies in Scientific Research	584-585

	`SSE News`
	Odier Research Foundation Publishes Bulletin	587
	14th Annual Meeting: Announcement and Call for Papers	588

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